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ContactWhat are the benefits of implementing M2M-Technology?
Financial: Alumina extraction from residue in the M2M-Unit does not require bauxite mining, crushing, transport, grinding, slurry holding, liquor decantation, residue washing and evaporation. In addition the residue contains no reactive silica. Hence, the operating cost for the incremental alumina produced from bauxite residue is limited to energy cost (power, boiler and calcination fuel) and incremental fixed operating cost.
Economic evaluations indicate that implementing M2M-Technology provides an economically attractive project with a payback period of typically 1 year.
Environmental: Since virtually all available alumina is extracted from the residue, bauxite utilization is maximized and residue generation is minimized, in line with public demand to reduce the environmental impact of alumina production, facilitating environmental permitting.
The lower residue production also results in reduced soda loss and disposal area per ton alumina. Greenhouse gas emission per ton alumina remains constant.
Operational: Once a refinery has implemented M2M-Technology, it is possible to increase green liquor A/C ratio beyond the earlier optimum level. As a result refinery production may be increased by another 5 to 10% at marginal operating and capital cost.
M2M-Technology makes A/C ratio control more forgiving and installation of the technology in a
greenfield plant would contribute to a successful start-up.
The following conference papers provide more information on the subject:
The ICSOBA paper is also available in Chinese, Portuguese and Spanish:
Alumina recovery & Cash flow - Chinese
Recuperaçao de alumina e Fluxo de caixa de refinarias - PortuguesRecuperación de Alúmina y Flujo de caja de las Refinerías - Español
M2M-Technology, The new Standard to minimize Bauxite Residue - INCAL 2007 